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Did we land on the moon?

JJ McClure

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They left in it too.

Unfortunately the poor bastard that filmed their departure is still on the moon.

😁

Thanks! I forgot how bad special effects used to be. That’s like watching a 1950’s movie naval battle. 😆
 

rmarion

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rmarion

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rmarion

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It's real because some incel in a basement produced the meme. You should ask if it's factual.
or maybe listen to the 2nd man who supposedly walked on the moon??

you know..horses mouth
 

rmarion

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the Earth is 4x larger than the moon "aledgely"

why isn't the earth image in the background, 4x larger than we typically see of the moon?
 

rrrr

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Thanks! I forgot how bad special effects used to be. That’s like watching a 1950’s movie naval battle. 😆
See, If you had watched the videos I linked above about Apollo communications, you'd know the technology limitations of sending color video from the moon to the Earth during the period of the missions, 1968-1972.

Apollo used cameras that didn't have very good resolution because of weight and physical size constraints, and clear transmission of the analog progressive scan NTSC television signal over 240,000 miles was prevented because of dB losses during the conversion of the camera's optical lens capture to radio signals and bandwidth limitations of the Unified S-Band comm link used by the space agency.

The Unified S-Band scheme used by NASA allowed deep space communications through the use of a single carrier frequency in the 2 GHz band to facilitate voice, telemetry, and TV signals via discrete modulated frequencies on the carrier. It's quite simple, if you have a basic understanding of radio waves and how phase and frequency modulation work.

A single carrier frequency is utilized in each direction for the transmission of all tracking and communications data between the spacecraft and ground. The voice and update data are modulated onto subcarriers and then combined with the ranging data.This composite information is used to phase-modulate the transmitted carrier frequency. The received and transmitted carrier frequencies are coherently related. This allows measurements of the carrier doppler frequency by the ground station for determination of the radial velocity of the spacecraft.

In the transponder, the subcarriers are extracted from the RF carrier and detected to produce the voice and command information. The binary ranging signals, modulated directly onto the carrier, are detected by the wide-band phase detector and translated to a video signal.

The voice and telemetry data to be transmitted from the spacecraft are modulated onto subcarriers, combined with the video ranging signals, and used to phase-modulate the downlink carrier frequency. The transponder transmitter can also be frequency modulated for the transmission of television information or recorded data instead of ranging signals.

The Unified S-Band System used the 2025-2120 MHz band for uplinks (earth to space transmissions) and the 2200-2290 MHz band for downlinks (space to earth transmissions).


More information about Apollo communications systems are available. Here's a link to a PDF that explores the subject thoroughly:


Besides all that technical mumbo-jumbo, the quality of broadcast color TV of the time sucked. Watch a YouTube video of Archie Bunker on All in the Family filmed in 1972, and you'll see the same blurry images.
 

Go-Fly

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See, If you had watched the videos I linked above about Apollo communications, you'd know the technology limitations of sending color video from the moon to the Earth during the period of the missions, 1968-1972.

Apollo used cameras that didn't have very good resolution because of weight and physical size constraints, and clear transmission of the analog progressive scan NTSC television signal over 240,000 miles was prevented because of dB losses during the conversion of the camera's optical lens capture to radio signals and bandwidth limitations of the Unified S-Band comm link used by the space agency.

The Unified S-Band scheme used by NASA allowed deep space communications through the use of a single carrier frequency in the 2 GHz band to facilitate voice, telemetry, and TV signals via discrete modulated frequencies on the carrier. It's quite simple, if you have a basic understanding of radio waves and how phase and frequency modulation work.

A single carrier frequency is utilized in each direction for the transmission of all tracking and communications data between the spacecraft and ground. The voice and update data are modulated onto subcarriers and then combined with the ranging data.This composite information is used to phase-modulate the transmitted carrier frequency. The received and transmitted carrier frequencies are coherently related. This allows measurements of the carrier doppler frequency by the ground station for determination of the radial velocity of the spacecraft.

In the transponder, the subcarriers are extracted from the RF carrier and detected to produce the voice and command information. The binary ranging signals, modulated directly onto the carrier, are detected by the wide-band phase detector and translated to a video signal.

The voice and telemetry data to be transmitted from the spacecraft are modulated onto subcarriers, combined with the video ranging signals, and used to phase-modulate the downlink carrier frequency. The transponder transmitter can also be frequency modulated for the transmission of television information or recorded data instead of ranging signals.

The Unified S-Band System used the 2025-2120 MHz band for uplinks (earth to space transmissions) and the 2200-2290 MHz band for downlinks (space to earth transmissions).


More information about Apollo communications systems are available. Here's a link to a PDF that explores the subject thoroughly:


Besides all that technical mumbo-jumbo, the quality of broadcast color TV of the time sucked. Watch a YouTube video of Archie Bunker on All in the Family filmed in 1972, and you'll see the same blurry images.
Actually the video from the moon landing was high def. None of the networks had the capability to record that so they set up a pos TV and pointed a camera at it. We all know how well that works.
 

rmarion

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20231211_220805.jpg


finally found an image taken from the moon of the earth at least twice the size of the moon...

also an image of an astronaut gathering dirt samples..


finally everyone can know agree that we have been to the moon.
 

rrrr

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Actually the video from the moon landing was high def. None of the networks had the capability to record that so they set up a pos TV and pointed a camera at it. We all know how well that works.
High definition video wasn't produced in the 70s, at that time in the United States it all used the NTSC 525 line interlaced scan. Higher resolution standards weren't adopted until the 1980s. The quality of the 525i depended on the camera and the transmitted signal. The lunar missions presented a significant problem, the lack of bandwidth used to transport the video feed. I had forgotten that to overcome this, NASA developed cameras that filmed with a 320 line progressive scan, which used much less bandwidth. That signal was converted to the NTSC standard upon reception on Earth.

Your comment about cameras pointing at the video feed may be confused with the system NASA tracking stations on Earth used to convert the 320 progressive signal to the NSTC 525 interlaced standard. That's pretty much what the equipment did, and that signal was sent to satellites for transmission or via analog electrical signals on land line and undersea cable to NASA. It was also recorded on equipment that used 2" magnetic reel to reel tape and made available to TV networks worldwide for live broadcast via microwave transmission.
 
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Go-Fly

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High definition video wasn't produced in the 70s, a that time in the United States it all used the NTSC 525 line progressive scan. Higher resolution standards weren't adopted until the 1980s. The quality of the 520p depended on the camera and the transmitted signal. The lunar missions presented a significant problem, the lack of bandwidth used to transport the video feed. I had forgotten that to overcome this, NASA developed cameras that filmed with a 320 line interlaced scan, which used much less bandwidth. That signal was converted to the NTSC standard upon reception on Earth.

Your comment about cameras pointing at the video feed may be confused with the system NASA tracking stations on Earth used to convert the 320 interlaced signal to the NSTC 525 progressive standard. That's pretty much what the equipment did, and that signal was sent to satellites for transmission or via analog electrical signals on land line and undersea cable to NASA. It was also recorded on equipment that used 2" magnetic reel to reel tape and made available to TV networks worldwide for live broadcast via microwave transmission.
I use hi def because people understand its quality in a statement. I agree with your definition. The news network pointed their news cameras at the monitor and broadcasted that grainy quality footage to the American public as if that was what NASA was seeing. Infact, you could see the feed from the moon very clear with much detail if you were at mission control. It's a long explanation why a camera pointed at TV tube with three color guns shows up grainy and has horizontal lines through it.
 

rrrr

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I use hi def because people understand its quality in a statement. I agree with your definition. The news network pointed their news cameras at the monitor and broadcasted that grainy quality footage to the American public as if that was what NASA was seeing. Infact, you could see the feed from the moon very clear with much detail if you were at mission control. It's a long explanation why a camera pointed at TV tube with three color guns shows up grainy and has horizontal lines through it.
I understand what you're saying. But I've read in multiple places that the 320p Apollo 11 TV transmission from the moon converted to 525i at the ground tracking stations around the world was fed directly to networks across the globe. I had to do a few searches to find confirmation of my memory.

The below linked excerpts from documents discusses the Apollo TV system, and details how the signal from the moon was captured and distributed by ground tracking stations. The content I've included here confirms that commercial TV networks simultaneously received and broadcast the same images that were transmitted to NASA's Mission Control. "Parkes" and "Goldstone" were Earth receiving stations in Australia and California for the Manned Space Flight Network (MSFN) with 64 meter diameter radio telescope dish antennas.

Both the DSS-42 and Parkes microwave links were configured to carry the telemetry and voice signals to the Honeysuckle Creek MSFN station. HSK was the Australian hub for voice and data communications with the Apollo spacecraft. It was connected to the Canberra NASCOM facility in the Deakin suburb of the Australian Capital Territory by landline and a microwave link for
television signals. Canberra NASCOM was connected via the Australian Post Master General (PMG) circuits to Sydney Video in the Overseas Telecommunications Commission (OTC) office in Paddington and on to the Australian Intelsat terminal at Moree.

The television signal from Parkes was sent direct to Sydney Video, over a separate PGM microwave link, where a choice was made between the HSK or Parkes television signals as to which would be sent on to Houston via satellite. The RCA Slow Scan Converter in the center of this photograph was used for the Parkes video feed. Sydney Video also fed the Australian Broadcasting Commission’s (ABC) country-wide network of television stations with a 525 line version of the signal being fed to Houston. Australia’s three commercial networks, Channel 7, 9 and 10, received a feed of the Apollo 11 Moonwalk from the Australian Broadcasting Commission.


llity.

Another source states:

Houston switched to Parkes and remained with those pictures for the rest of the 2½-hour broadcast. Parkes staffer Neil ‘Fox’ Mason, who was seated at the control desk, drove the radio telescope without being allowed to once turn around and see the incoming pictures on the TV monitor. The signals were sent to Sydney via specially installed microwave links. From there the TV signal was split. One signal went to the Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) studios at Gore Hill for distribution to Australian television networks.

The other went to Houston for inclusion in the international telecast, where a six second delay.was introduced by NASA in case an accident occurred to the astronauts. Because the international broadcast signal had to travel halfway around the world from Sydney to Houston via the INTELSAT geostationary communications satellite over the Pacific Ocean, a further 300 millisecond delay was added to the signal. Australian audiences therefore witnessed the moonwalk, and Armstrong’s historic first step, some 6.3 seconds before the rest of the world.



And another:

The images at Goldstone and Honeysuckle Creek were scan-converted on-site to the EIA (NTSC) standard TV (Honeysuckle Creek only ever had US standard equipment of any kind). The Parkes pictures were scan-converted in Paddington, Sydney, to the NTSC standard also.

When Sydney Video selected the Parkes or Honeysuckle Creek pictures for Houston, the selected signal was split and sent to the ABC Gore Hill studios in Sydney for electronic standards conversion to the Australian CCIR standard. The ABC then distributed the pictures to all Australian networks for broadcast to an estimated audience of 10 million.

In Houston, NASA introduced a six second delay before releasing the TV worldwide. This was to give NASA enough time to cut the broadcast in case an accident occurred to the astronauts - NASA didn't want the world to witness a disaster. The ABC on the other hand didn't have this delay; it broadcast the TV live. Also, because the signal for the Australian broadcast did not have to travel to Houston (via satellite) and then back again as it did for the rest of the world, a further delay of 300 milliseconds was avoided. As a result of these, Australian audiences saw the pictures some 6.3 seconds before the rest of the world.


llity.

More trivia content:

The color TV cameras used on the Apollo missions had a color wheel system instead of color guns. This system used less bandwidth, and the signal beamed to Earth was 320 interlaced instead of 525 progressive. The color wheel concept was invented in 1928 to specifically address the bandwidth limitations of over the air television signal transmission.
 
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bentprops

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Im surprised nobody has brought up the moon and its light. Come on people! The Creator bulit the creation so if you just spend a little bit of your time you would find him. What about the moon light? The sun shining on a area heats it up right? If you take a mirror and reflect the sun light into the shade it also heats that spot up as well right? The sun light reflects on to the moon right? So when the sun shines on the moon and the moon reflects the sun light onto the ground it also warms it up right? Wrong! It cools it down. This is becasue the moon is not a reflection of the sun light. The moon light will be colder then the shade. She gives off her own light.

I bet a few of you have one of these? Giver a go.
Screenshot 2023-12-12 at 20.40.47.png



Mark 13:24
24 But in those days, after that tribulation, the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light,

Also see, Mathew 24:29, Genesis 1:15-18, Psalms 136: 7-9, Isaiah 13:10 and 60:19-20, Rev 21:23​

 

jet496

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I’ve always questioned the go kart but never thought about the ridiculous contraption they landed in 😂

Good questions. I've never questioned the moon landing or gave it any thought really. But seriously, this thing looks like something made in your backyard. Looks like cellophane, aluminum foil & sheets of paper used to insulate inside buildings. Zoom in on it. Hmmmm
Apollo_11_Lunar_Lander_-_5927_NASA.jpg
 
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Racey

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Good questions. I've never questioned the moon landing or gave it any thought really. But seriously, this thing looks like something made in your backyard. Looks like cellophane, aluminum foil & sheets of paper used to insulate inside buildings. Zoom in on it. Hmmmm View attachment 1313314

There is no wind in space, and weight is everything, the foil you see keeps the direct sunlight off everything exposed under the surface, it is not part of the pressure structure. It keeps wires and plumbing from being overheated by direct sun exposure.
 

Taboma

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Something made in our backyards ???? For those of you who believe the Apollo Lunar Excursion Module and it's stages were backyard project TENTS, perhaps these few images and diagrams will help you should you attempt it.

We'll start with the Apollo Command Module --- this is the section that remained in orbit and DID NOT land. The interior was by comparison to the LEM substantially larger and allowed for far better sleeping and sanitary comfort and privacy.

Apollo Command Module.jpg


The LEM (The Crew was in the UPPER accent stage, not the gold foil covered space you all think is a tent)

Apollo LEM-linedrawing.jpg



This is an image of the LEM interior. You can see the resting bunks stored on the left side. The crew stood during the landing and could see out of the triangular windows. The egress hatch was below the control console.
Not bad for a backyard tent.
Apollo LEM Interior.jpg


Here's an exploded drawing of the LEM's upper Accent state

Apollo LEM accent Section.jpg


Now let's take a look at both the Upper (Accent/Crew) section and the Lower Decent State, you might notice all the fuel tanks in this lower decent stage for the far more powerful decent engine.
This is the section covered in the gold foil and so many of you think this a tent structure.
As Racey stated, it's to shield it against the rays of the sun that on the moon lack the atmosphere to filter their intensity.

When you build this simple tent in your backyards, be sure to share on RDP. 👍

Apollo LM_illustration.jpg
 

JJ McClure

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Cool. Now can you do the garage for the lunar speed car? 😎
 

Taboma

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Cool. Now can you do the garage for the lunar speed car? 😎
Like This ?

LRV (Rover) Compartment

Apollo LEM LRV compartment.jpg


LRV photo showing it folded up and mounted on the backside of the Rover Hatch in it's stored position. The Hatch itself, becomes the floor of the Rover, since that Decent section remains on the Moon after the Accent section (With crew) returns to Command Module upon mission completion.

Apollo LEM LRV stored .jpg


LRV deployment sketch

Apollo LEM LRV Deployment.jpg
 

JJ McClure

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Thank you sir. That last drawing looks like it would make a great a flip book cartoon.

But seriously, I can’t find the garage space. All of the LM drawings you shared show different configurations. On this one there is no room for the LSC. ( lunar speed car )

40305728-824D-4CA6-85D8-D3C41B463D3C.jpeg
 

spectras only

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Like This ?

LRV (Rover) Compartment

View attachment 1313464

LRV photo showing it folded up and mounted on the backside of the Rover Hatch in it's stored position. The Hatch itself, becomes the floor of the Rover, since that Decent section remains on the Moon after the Accent section (With crew) returns to Command Module upon mission completion.

View attachment 1313465

LRV deployment sketch

View attachment 1313466
I was glued to the TV watching Neil Armstrong exiting the lunar module live. I don't see a camera mounting/position on your picture of the LM to extend like the Canada arm on the space shuttle. To take a video of Armstrong stepping down from the ladder onto the Moon's surface, it must have been some extending arm with the video camera to record the event. I've searched and can't find anythng on the camera's operation. I'm not a denier, but am curious about this. Video from inside of the modular, I get it. And videos outside with camera mounted on a tripod.
I was a camera technician for decades, working on all the cameras produced from the 50's to the digital age cameras. The Hassleblads were the best in the 70's, rated operation temperatures from -20 to 45 C. the camera used on the Moon , 500EL was motorized using battery. Neil said the Moon surface was 200F at the time of the landing.
The 500 series are all mechanical, no electrics so no problems with batteries going off due to the cold.
The 500EL motorized 500 series rely on batteries for film advance,
The camera was mounted inside the Modularized Equipment Stowage Assembly (MESA) in Quad 4 of the Lunar Module (LM) Descent Stage. This gave the capability of broadcasting the first steps of the astronauts as they climbed down the ladder of the LM at the start of the first EVA.

 
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Taboma

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I was glued to the TV watching Neil Armstrong exiting the lunar module live. I don't see a camera mounting/position on your picture of the LM to extend like the Canada arm on the space shuttle. To take a video of Armstrong stepping down from the ladder onto the Moon's surface, it must have been some extending arm with the video camera to record the event. I've searched and can't find anythng on the camera's operation. I'm not a denier, but am curious about this. Video from inside of the modular, I get it. And videos outside with camera mounted on a tripod.
I was a camera technician for decades, working on all the cameras produced from the 50's to the digital age cameras. The Hassleblads were the best in the 70's, rated operation temperatures from -20 to 45 C. the camera used on the Moon , 500EL was motorized using battery. Neil said the Moon surface was 200F at the time of the landing.
The 500 series are all mechanical, no electrics so no problems with batteries going off due to the cold.
The 500EL motorized 500 series rely on batteries for film advance,
The camera was mounted inside the Modularized Equipment Stowage Assembly (MESA) in Quad 4 of the Lunar Module (LM) Descent Stage. This gave the capability of broadcasting the first steps of the astronauts as they climbed down the ladder of the LM at the start of the first EVA.


Does this article on the Westinghouse camera used provide any addition information not covered in the one you read ?

The Westinghouse camera was stored for flight in the lunar module’s Modular Equipment Stowage Assembly (MESA), a compartment near the ladder that Armstrong climbed down to reach the Moon’s surface. To activate the camera, he pulled on a handle that in turn released the door to the MESA. Engineers attached the camera upside down to secure it to the door, and tilted at an 11-degree angle because of how the door rested in its final position. Both issues were overcome in retransmission of the signal back on Earth.

The article then covers the re-transmission from Australia that rrrr was discussing.

SI-2009-4815.jpg
 

spectras only

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The MESA is located to the left of the ladder. The video camera would have to have been removed from inside and mounted on a tripod outside to take the video, I assume. 🤔

The Hasselblad cameras had a leaf shutter in the lenses. The shutter mechanism was lubricated, maybe all lubricants were removed for the program to deal with extreme cold. Pictures shown the standard and 500mm lenses on the training cameras. I assume the actual cameras on the Moon had heat shields for Neil be able to use it in 200 F he had claimed. Heat would have made the lubricant melt on to the leaves, oil vapor on the first group of optics, make the shutter leaves stick together. That was the weak link of all Compur shutter's design.
 
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Taboma

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The MESA is located to the left of the ladder. If my memory is correct, I saw Neil backing down on the ladder, climbing down, shown his right side. 🤔 . I have pretty good memory, dating back some events in my life in early 50's. However, not claiming all 100%,lol.
The Hasselblad cameras had a leaf shutter in the lenses. The shutter mechanism was lubricated, maybe all lubricants were removed for the program to deal with extreme cold. Pictures shown the standard and 500mm lenses on the training cameras. I assume the actual cameras on the Moon had heat shields for Neil be able to use it in 200 F he had claimed. Heat would have made the lubricant melt on to the leaves, oil vapor on the first group of optics, make the shutter leaves stick together. That was the weak link of all Compur shutter's design.
You're losing me a bit here --- So you're stating that Westinghouse used a Hasselblad Camera ?
The image from the Air & Space museum link I provided seems to show Neil's left side being photographed by the Camera in the Mesa, which makes sense.
You seem to disagree based on memory from 1969 with that photograph. No arguments here, I wasn't there or do I recall, because I didn't see it live, I had to work that day.

EDIT: ---- Maybe I'm thinking of the wrong image, are you referring to the image that Neil Armstrong shot of Buzz as HE descended the steps as # 2 man ?? That was on his right side and extremely clear.


1st step.jpg
Buzz.jpg
 
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spectras only

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The Westinghouse unit was a video camera. The Hasselblad was a motorized camera for film advance, still shots.

Found the old footage of Neil stepping down on the ladder, showing his left side. correction on my initial observation.
Interestingly, comments are turned off for the conference on YT.
 

bentprops

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There is no wind in space, and weight is everything, the foil you see keeps the direct sunlight off everything exposed under the surface, it is not part of the pressure structure. It keeps wires and plumbing from being overheated by direct sun exposure.
Why does weight matter with the absence of gravity?
 

spectras only

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The Space Shuttle weighed 165,000 pounds empty. Its external tank weighed 78,100 pounds empty and its two solid rocket boosters weighed 185,000 pounds empty each. Each solid rocket booster held 1.1 million pounds of fuel.
Even the lunar module that's tiny compared to the Shuttle weighs over 9000 pounds dry:eek:
Space X weighs ca 8,000,000 pounds!
 
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Taboma

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The Westinghouse unit was a video camera. The Hasselblad was a motorized camera for film advance, still shots.

Found the old footage of Neil stepping down on the ladder, showing his left side. correction on my initial observation.
Interestingly, comments are turned off for the conference on YT.

Quote from Digital Trends from an Apollo Hasselblad Camera article --- " Like the 500C on earlier missions, the HDC camera was adapted to withstand the rigors of space, using silver paint to help the camera move between -85 degrees and 248 degrees Fahrenheit. "
Very interesting article regarding the modifications made to these 500C cameras for these missions.

 

Taboma

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Lift off from earth.
The weight of the Apollo LEM was 33,000 with fuel. The moon isn't absent gravity, it's 16.6% that of earth's. As you stated, weight was obviously a consideration as it had to be initially launched from Earth's gravity.
 

spectras only

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Quote from Digital Trends from an Apollo Hasselblad Camera article --- " Like the 500C on earlier missions, the HDC camera was adapted to withstand the rigors of space, using silver paint to help the camera move between -85 degrees and 248 degrees Fahrenheit. "
Very interesting article regarding the modifications made to these 500C cameras for these missions.

I could only guess how much that Hasselblad would fetch on auction if NASA recovers it in their next mission to the Moon.;):D
 

Taboma

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I could only guess how much that Hasselblad would fetch on auction if NASA recovers it in their next mission to the Moon.;):D
Didn't even consider that, but hopefully it would be donated to the Smithsonian.
Pick up the LRV, Barrett Jackson would love to wheel that baby across their stage 🤣
 

spectras only

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Didn't even consider that, but hopefully it would be donated to the Smithsonian.
Pick up the LRV, Barrett Jackson would love to wheel that baby across their stage 🤣
That would be epic watching ballers bidding:D

I've read that there are 3 LRV's left on the Moon.
 

Blackmagic94

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I'm not a conspiracy theorist, but I think this one has always seemed to be a bit of a stretch.......

You mean to tell me, no other nation would follow suit to be in the "moon club" ? 50+ years later and we're the only ones. We're bad ass, but .........in the words of our fearless leader....."Cmon Man" 😁
Soviet Union crashed on it.

India landed a rover last year. So…
 
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